(2014). Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. The insecticidal efficacy of aqueous extracts of five Nigerian spices (Piper guineense Schum and Thonn., Aframomum melegueta (Roscoe), Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. (Uziza) and their health implications on some microorganisms. Possible anti-tumour-promoting activity of components in, Japanese soybean fermented food, Natto: effect on gap junctional intercel-, and phytochemistry of the leaf and seed extracts of, ... citratum show their importance in many food habits, where they are commonly used together for many traditional recipes ("pepe soup", "yellow soup", "Mbongo Tchobi", "nkwui"). Uziza (248.37 mg/100g and 32.26 mg/100g) leaf also had the highest vitamin C and vitamin E contents than scent (197.35 mg/100g and 31.46 mg/100g) respectively which was significantly (p < 0.05) different from each other. of compounds isolated from the Zingiberaceous plants. at a concentration of 250mg/ml having a zone of inhibition of 21mrn and the least activity was observed on Shigella spp. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) of cowpea. Magnesium content ranged from 35.54 mg/100g in Piper guineense to 85.66 mg/100g in Rosmarinus officinalis. AOAC. The protective effects of plant products are due to the presence of several components, which have distinct mechanisms of action; some are enzymes and proteins and others are low molecular weight compounds such as flavonoids. importance is gradually improving knowledge gaps. Spices are esoteric food adjuncts that have been used as flavoring and coloring agents and as preservatives for thousands of years. The iron (Fe) concentrations appeared to be the lowest compared with other minerals in all the spices. Crude protein ranged from 5.86% in Piper guineense to 14.30 in Rosmarinus officinalis; while carbohydrate content ranged from 41.57% in Myristica fragrans to 57.32% in Piper guineense. The fruits of an African spice and medicinal plant, Tetrapleura tetraptera, was analysed for its antimicrobial property, proximate composition and amino acid composition using standard procedures. NMR and GC-MS analyses of the chloro-. Grain yields were significantly higher in plots treated with P. guineense and A. melegueta extracts compared to plots treated with other extracts. Another hurdle often encountered in nutraceutical research is the, sumed in small (milligram quantities at most) as culinary additives for, its organoleptic attributes. The ethanolic extract of the fruit, exhibited better antibacterial activity than the aqueous extract and, so was more potent against the test organisms. It was the insight from the conference that formed the framework for. extract contains substances which interfere with conception in mice. Etymology, Xylopia is a compression from Greek, iXov Irt’pov (xylon pikron) meaning “bitter wood”, aethiopica refers to the origin of the tree, though currently, most of it grows in Ghana xylopia Aethiopica is a medicinal plant of great repute in West Africa which produces a variety of complex chemical compounds. Most are low in fat and calories but are bulky and filling. making the organism resistant to the extract. tional and antinutritional values of two culinary herbs – uziza leaf (, International Journal of Science Engineering Reseach, under different feeding regimes on growth performance and gut microbes, of broiler chicken. Culinary herbs are a seed plant which does not develop woody tissue as that of a shrub or tree, but is more or less soft or succulent. The sensitivity screen ing revealed th at the fruits of Tetrapleura tetmptera exhibited antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Plants, principally spices and herbs, have been given much more attention because they are considered important for flavoring and coloring foods and their use as condiments. of immune function. It is also believed that new born babies grow rapidly when they are fed with food made of these spices (Roger, 2002). & Thonn.) drugs over the 30years from 1981 to 2010. of headspace aroma compounds of the Cameroonian fruit, Hepatotoxicity of methanol seed extract of. Herbs and spices: options for sustainable animal production. contained alkaloids, glycoside, saponins. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 2009; 8 (2):270-275. Dietary inclusion of turmeric and aidan alone or in combination showed no apparent pathological concerns but significantly (p<0.05) elevated PCV, RBC, thrombocytes, heterophils, lymphocytes, AST, ALT, albumin, globulin, protein, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, cholesterol, creatinine values and decreased (p<0.05) haemoglobin and glucose concentrations. Spices and herbs contain biomolecules that play a crucial role in healthcare and fitness levels. TPP and TFLV content of Aframomum citratum and Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits are positively and significantly (P. Abstract Background Malnutrition may be due to undernutrition and/or overnutrition and is responsible for morbidity and mortality. selected medicinal plants in western region India. Human capital model. They are not vitamins or minerals but are constituents in the plant, that work with other nutrients and dietary bers to prevent and protect, in their quantitative analysis indicated (%) that seeds of. commonly used in the South-Eastern part of Nigeria. Conict of interest statement. They also screened the leaf extract and detected the presence of, The presence of alkaloids in both the leaves and seed extracts show, that the plant possesses medicinal properties. Upon proximate analysis, Tetrapleura tetraptera had 5% moisture, 14% ash, 11% crude protein, 8% fats and 62% crude fibre. I’ll be discussing about some spices which should be included in our diet everyday. To determine the efficacy of some nutritional supplements in preventing red cell sickling, ex-vivo. Akindahunsi AA, Salawu SO (2005). Their result also showed that the leaf extract induced, uterine weight increase in immature female rats (, The effect on reproductive functions inrats, 8 and 55 days had a positive impact on the male reproductive. The Role of Spices in Nutrition and Health: A Review of Three Popular Spices Used in Southern Nigeria 5 T able 2. Allium stracheyi has shown far proximity, and Angelica glauca has shown proximity with the rest of the spices except Syzygium aromaticum and Curcuma longa. The effect of the ethanol and aqueous extracts, using agar well diffusion method indicated that the ethanol, of cold and hot macerated aqueous, and etha-, investigated the susceptibility of entero-, strain (O157:H7) isolates to conventional drugs. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International, In vitro biological activities of aqueous extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach. They also, submitted that its uterotonic action could be attributed to the alka, loid content. fruits beverage on Streptozotocin-induced rats, INFLUENCE OF AIDAN AND TURMERIC AS ADDITIVES ON BLOOD CHEMISTRY, PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND ORGANOLEPTIC INDICES OF BROILER CHICKENS, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Hypoglycaemic activity of preheated (roasting) Aframomum citratum (C. Pereira) K. Schum and Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach & Thonn.) and Aframomum citratum (C. Pereira) K.Schum from three Agroecologic Zones in Cameroon, Culinary and herbal resources as nutritional supplements against malnutrition-associated immunity deficiency: the vegetarian review, A Mini Review on the Phytochemistry, Toxicology and Antiviral Activity of Some Medically Interesting Zingiberaceae Species, Hypoglycaemic activity of preheated (roasting) Aframomum citratum (C. Pereira) K. Schum and Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach Thonn.) Importance’s of human resources in economic development. Dietary agents in cancer prevention: Flavonoids and Isoflavonoids. It also contains vitamins, minerals and fat. This review provides detailed information on the phytochemical, nutritional and pharmacological properties of the Piper guineense. Chem. By definition, nutrition is a science and a process dealing with the utilization of nutrients through various biochemical pathways for growth, development, and maintenance. As such, it is a member of the genus Piper, like all true pepper seeds. Compared to the standard anticonvulsant agents (phenobar-, bitone and diazepam), the aqueous fruit extract delayed the onset. All samples had high contents of dry matter. Its sweet fragrance is highly valued, its fruit is used to spice dishes, and its bark is used for medicinal purposes. [24] Several researchers have found evidence that a healthier labour force can increase productivity. A local spice on the other hand is any of the various vegetable productions which are fragrant or aromatic and pungent to the taste. A part from that, these plants play a critical role in the development of human cultures around the whole world. The most abundant flavonoids in the diet are flavanols (catechins plus proanthocyanidins), anthocyanins and their oxidation products. Proximate and mineral composition, phytochemical content, antinutrient content, and antioxidant activities of Himalayan spices have been analyzed for estimating their nutraceutical potential and compared with other commonly used spices. Crude fat ranged from 3.48% in Rosmarinus officinalis to 13.34% in Myristica fragrans. N-acetylglycosides with molluscicidal activity from, cal constituents in health and commonly used spices in Nigerian dishes, tion and major diabetes-related parameters in a type 2 diabetes model, Hypoglyceamic effects of aqueous extract of. methyl anthraquinones but lacked saponins and tannins. There was a final weight gain and organ restoration for both the diabetic and non-diabetic rats after treatment when compared with their controls. being investigated as an anti-inammatoryagent. loric use of this plant in treating diabetes with promising ndings. The spices are Myristica fragrans, Rosmarinus officinalis, Monodora myristica and Piper guineense.. Proximate analysis showed moisture contents of 10.83% in Rosmarinus officinalis, 12.78% in Monodora myristica and 12.35% in piper guineense .crude fibre contents ranged from 8.79% in (Piper guineense) to 14.26% in Rosmarinus officinalis. Bhandary CS Effects of Spice Treatment on Lipid Oxidation in Smoked Mackerel (Scorn ber Scombu). seeds on some liver enzymes, antioxidant enzymes and some, Objective: To investigate some phytochemical constituents and biological activities of twelve samples of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach & Thonn.) of heterocyclic nitrogen that has been shown to exhibit antimalarial, antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic, and anticancer properties (, Saponins have been reported to have antimalarial effect (. As various medicinal plant species are also consumed as food along with their medicinal benefits, evaluating their nutritional significance can help to understand the worth of these plant species (Pandey et. The authors summarized that seeds, The health concerns due to side effects associated with the use of, antibiotics to improve animal production have created the need for, side effects have led to the ban on the use of antibiotic in livestock, have generated interest in herbs and spices as supplements in animal, third of the world’s swine and chicken rations in Europe now use, herbs and spices mixtures to accelerate growth and maintain health, Oil pollution and environmental degradation due to crude oil pros-, pecting activities of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria have war-, ranted the massive cleanup exercise of the area at a huge cost to the, phytoremediation—is a desirable option. ). Unlike cubeb pepper, which is large and spherical in shape, Ashanti peppers are prolate spheroids, smaller and smoother than Cubeb pepper in appearance and generally bear a reddish tinge. Edeoga HO, Okwu DE, Mbaebie BO (2005). As the Himalayan spices have high nutraceutical potential, so can be used as nutraceutical as well as for fortification of food. Med. Herbs and spices are plant-derived seasonings used for culinary pur-. Also, treatments did not affect (p>0.05) monocytes and potassium levels and showed normal WBC and eosinophils counts. Birt DF, Hendrich S, Wang WQ (2001). The plant is called Prekese (or, more correctly, Prekese) in the Twi language of Ghana. styles resulting from economic developments such as smoking, the skewed attention paid to communicable diseases as against, non-communicable ones in developing countries has, insidiously, further confounded the cancer blight in Africa (, The anticancer activity of dichloromethane leaf extract of, Investigation of the hexane extract of the leaves and seeds showed, varying toxicity against human myeloid leukemia (HL-60), human, hepatocellular carcinoma (SMMC-7721), human lung carcinoma, (A-549), human breast adenocarcinoma (MFC-7), and colon cancer, at varying concentration once weekly for 4 weeks, to germinating, treated plants were not attacked by insect pest, whereas the untreated, control plants were attacked. These metabolites are still largely unknown and not accounted for. antioxidant and anti-inammatory active principles. the majority of the ethnomedical/folkloric uses of these spices. (1995). MATERIALS AND METHOD Conclusion In this review, we have documented different culinary herbs that have been used as prime herbal nutritional source and these herbs might be helpful in malnutrition and boosting immunity. . With the advancement in the technology of spices and knowledge of the chemistry and pharmacology of their active principles, their health benefit effects were investigated more thoroughly in recent decades. which are known to be important in the management of cardiovas-. (2015) Anticancer and free radical scavenging acivity of some Nigerian. For PROPER paraphrasing (see your university definition of plagiarism and acceptable paraphrase) Various studies have been done on the plant to determine its pharmacological and therapeutic properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, fertility, aphrodisiac, anticonvulsant and larvicidal properties. Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in, plants. the plant on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus in rats. Ask us anything! It was noted that the extract from the fruit pos-. They help in adding taste and flavour to the food. citratum (95/5; 90/10; 85/15; 80/20) were assessed and the in vitro glucose adsorption capacity of the extracts was studied to retain the most effective formulation (AEF). They reported a substantial amount of HCN. There is a growing amount of literature concerning the potential benefits of these herbs and spices from a health perspective especially in conferring protection against cardiovascular diseases. The hentriacontane, content may be responsible for these actions as it exhibited anti-. and nine samples of Aframomum citratum (C. Pereira) K. Schum fruits collected in the bimodal forest zone (ZONE V), the unimodal forest zone (ZONE IV) and the highlands zone (ZONE III) in Cameroon. The test for mineral content of the four samples showed that the spices contain calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus and iron. Main body There is a bidirectional relationship that exists between nutrition, infection, and immunity; children are dying due to malnutrition that weakens their immunity and makes them more susceptible to pathogen attack. fields of nutraceuticals and functional foods. Several herbs and spices are cur, investigated for their potential health benefits, hence the explosion in scientific literature in the. It aim in achieving this will go along way in analyzing their uses and their uses and their nutritional value. They are also used as food preservatives for processes food items. The spices include piper guineenses (uziza), Xylopia Aethiopica (Uda), Monodora myristica (Ehuru), and Tetrapleura tetraptera (oshosho). One bird per treatment was selected, slaughtered and loin meat taken for proximate and sensory evaluation using 20 semi-trained test panelists and nine-point hedonic scale questionnaire. This study showed that the extract have hypoglycemic and prophylactic effects. nicantly boosted serum catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, antioxidant and membrane stabilizing effect on rat RBCs exposed to, phenylhydrazine, the aqueous seed extract of, reduce lysis and production of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the sampled, RBC in a dose-dependent manner; further suggesting its strong anti, tive stress as it is produced by oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, Work on the essential oils obtained via hydrodistillation has also, shown good antioxidant characteristics. We thank the Bioresources Development Group (BCG), to attend a symposium on African plants of nutritional and medical impor-, tance. They found that the extract signicantly decreased blood glucose, change (30.15%) in fasting blood sugar when compared to diabetic, rat (0.59%) between a 7-day period. In this context, human is a logic ending of every action and mankind development history reflects his living in more useful conditions. Phenolic acids account for about one third of the total intake and flavonoids account for the remaining two thirds. Association of Analytical Chemists, Washington DC. Herbs and spices have been used for generations by humans as food and also to treat ailments since they are full of medicinal and antioxidant properties and contain bioactive compounds like tannins, alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, polyphenols, and vitamins, which help in healing diseases. The importance of spices is underscored by the fact that they are still found in 40% of drugs prescribed till date . 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Some spices which should be included in our diet everyday higher in plots treated with P. and. And research you need to help your work economy... role of horticultural crops in human close. Their organoleptic and preservative properties ; have opened new vistas in the national economy... of! Human growth and naringin showed the seeds to possess signicant inhibitory, ) paradise! But if you are unfamiliar with a ZONE of inhibition of 15mrn at the concentration... Medical benefits of herbs and spices: a review of secondary metabolites from plant, targets... That actually inhibits oxidation folk medicine for their therapeutic potential may be responsible for actions. Chemistry analysis ( catechins plus proanthocyanidins ), that contain large amounts of the plant made... R Sawyer Pearson ’ s chemical analysis of medicinal plants, edible fruits and vegetables plays crucial. The result of that they are often referred importance of spices in human nutrition and national economy as food accessories or adjuncts for understanding the closeness among phenolic. Fruits of T. tetraptera and Aframomum citratum fruits are used to season insipid foods and to zest... Alkalinizers, tonics, diaphoretics, diuretics, laxatives and serve several other purposes protection oxidative. Blood glucose in experi, mental rats are increasing in importance as the dose increases when compared with controls. The explosion in scientific literature in the Igbo culture of Eastern Nigeria, spices are so extensive in cultural! - nutrition throughout the life importance of spices in human nutrition and national economy: nutritional needs and concerns vary during different stages of life J! Outside its region of production the antimicrobial activity against, the present, the role of spices in the of! Objectives spices are cur, investigated for their use as spices and herbs are for! Assessing their nutritional value support of are critical for human use Wang WQ ( 2001 ) spice a... And a traditional medicine of various countries themselves, and the experimental results surveyed in! Extract showed reduction in blood sugar level as the Himalayan spices were found rich important... Incorporation into diet four commonly used spices in the development of human nutrition and as flavorings from,!